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THE RASHTRAKUTAS
Indra III, his date.
19. Among the kings of this dynasty, only two, Indra III and Kṛishṇa III
figure in the stone records of the collection. No 235 from Kamalāpuram in the
Cuddapah district belongs to Indra III. It
states that when king Nityavarsha
Indra-Narēndra was ruling the Mahāraṭṭa-rājya and a chieftain named Pallava-
dhīra was governing the Muḷki-500, a certain Mahāsāmanta whose name is
lost but who had the titles of ‘Vikrānta-Rāma’, ‘Vikrānta-Bhīma’, etc., constructed
(or repaired) the doorway and maṇḍapa in the temple of god Mulkeṁṭīśvara
(Mukkaṇṭīśvara) and provided subsidiary shrines for the eight parivāradēvatās therein. The record is dated in Śaka 848, Pārthiva, which corresponded to
A. D. 925-26, and is important as it extends the period of rule of king Indra III till
this year. In his publication The Rāshṭrakūṭas And Their Times (p. 105) Dr. Altekar
has assumed that Indra had died in 917 A. D. and was succeeded by his son Amōghavarsha II ; but against this have to be noted No. 47 of 1904 from the Bellary
district which is dated in Śaka 842, Vikrama (=A.D. 920), and No. 272 of 1918
(S. I. I., Vol. IX, No. 57) which is dated in Śaka 844 (A. D. 922, September 9) of
the reign of Nityavarsha Indra-Ballaha, and the present record which would further
take Indra III’s regin till at least the end of A. D. 925. As a record of Gōvinda IV is
also found dated in A. D. 918-19 (Ind. Ant., Vol. XII, p. 223), we have to presume
that he was a co-regent along with his father for some years. In this connection
it may be suggested that a record of Nityavarsha dated in the same year, Śaka
847 and Pārthiva, which has been attributed to Gōvinda IV may probably belong
to Indra III himself (B. K. Inss. Volume I, Part I, No. 34). The name of god Mulkeṁṭīśvara referred to in this record appears to have the particular significance
of having been consecrated by the quasi-historical Mukkaṇti-Kāḍuveṭṭi (Trilōchana), rather than being a simple name of the three-eyed god Śiva. At Kalavaguṇṭa
in the Chittoor district is a temple of god Mukkaṇṭīśvara whose foundation is,
however, wrongly attributed (Sewell’s List, Vol. I, p. 155) in popular tradition
to a Chōḷa king. At Ēlēśvaram in the Nizam’s Dominions, opposite to the
famous Nāgārjunakoṇḍa ruins, is reported to exist a temple of god Mukkaṇṭīśvara. A Noḷamba-Pallava chief named Tribhuvanadhīra is mentioned in a
record of the 26th year of Kṛishṇa III from Vellore in the North Arcot district
(Ep. Ind., Vol. IV, p. 82) ; but it is not clear whether he can be connected with
the chieftain Pallavadhīra referred to above.
Kṛishṇa III and his Vaidumba feudatories.
Three records of Kannaradēva (Nos. 437, 441 and 442) in the year’s
collection come from the Tirukkoyilur taluk of the South Arcot district. Of these
No. 441 from Jambai dated in his 18th year
mentions a chieftain named Tiruvaiyan who was wielding authority in that locality (innāḍu ālginra). The family to
which he belonged is not specified ; but he may be identified with the Vaidumba
chieftain of the same name, who figures in records dated in the 22nd and 24th
years of Kṛishṇa III in this locality (Nos. 235 and 268 of 1902 and Ep. Ind.,
Vol. VII, p. 143). As another Vaidumba chief named Tiruvaiyan Śrikaṇṭha
figures in a record of the 25th year of Kṛishṇa III (No. 743 of 1905), we may
assume that this Tiruvaiyan who was perhaps the father of Śrīkaṇṭha must
have died by A.D. 962. A record of Kannara from Kīlūr (No. 16 of 1905) whose
date is unfortunately lost, mentions a Vikramāditya Vaidumba-Mahārāja who was
ruling over Malāḍu, Vāṇagappāḍi-nāḍu, Śiṅgapura-nāḍu and Veṇkunra-kōṭṭam
as a Rāsḥṭrakūṭa vassal, and as such, he must have been a predecessor of
this chief Tiruvaiyan and lived prior to the 18th year of Kṛishṇa III.
In the present inscription the chief Tiruvaiyan is said to have granted
15 kalañju of gold with which the Śaṅkarappāḍiyār community of Vāḷaiyur
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