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South
Indian Inscriptions |
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The
Tiruvalangadu copper-plates of the sixth year of Rajendra-Chola I
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Translation
of the detached tamil inscription on plate X
(L.
307.) The northern boundary (of Palaiyanur) lies to the south of (the
line) which, leaving this ebony tree on the left side,
passes eastwards along this existing boundary until it reaches the
ant-hill with the ilandai
tree standing at the spot where the north-eastern corner of
Anaippakkam joins the south-western corner of Uppur in Perumur-nadu,
a hamlet of Singalantaka-chaturvedimangalam in
Naduvilmali-Perumur-nadu. (Further
it lies) to the south of (the line) which, leaving this
ant-hill on the right side, passes in a south-easterly direction
along the existing southern boundary of Uppur until it reaches the velungu
tree standing on this boundary.
(Further it lies) to the south and east of (the
line) which, leaving this on the left side, passes in a
north-easterly direction and (then) northwards along the
existing boundary until it reaches the tree called vankanai
standing on this boundary. (Further
it lies) to the south of (the line) which, leaving this
on the right side, passes eastwards and (then) in a south-easterly
direction along the existing boundary until it reaches the ant-hill
with the karai
(tree) standing on this boundary.
(Further it lies) to the west and south of (the
line) which, leaving this to the right, passes southwards and (then)
in a south-easterly direction along this existing boundary until it
reaches the tree called semmanichchai standing at the spot
where the southern boundary of Uppur joins the north-western corner
of Kanganerippattu, a hamlet of the above (said) village.
(Further it lies) to the west of (the line)
which, leaving this on the left side, passes southwards along the
existing western boundary of Kanganerippattu until it reaches the
ant-hill standing on this boundary.
(Further it lies) to the west and south of (the
line) which, leaving this on the left side, passes southwards
and (then) in a south-easterly direction along this existing
boundary until it reaches the velungu tree standing on this
boundary. (Further
it lies) to the south of (the line) which, leaving this
on the left side, passes eastwards and (then) in a south-easterly
direction along this existing boundary until it reaches the rock
with the uga (tree)
standing on this boundary. (Further
it lies) to the west and south of (the line) which,
leaving this on the left side, passes southwards and (then)
in a south easterly direction along this existing boundary until it
reaches the tamarind tree with rock standing on this boundary.
(Further it lies) to the west and south of (the
line) which, leaving this on the left side, passes southwards
and (then) in a south-easterly direction along this existing
boundary until it reaches the hedge (terri ?) called Senjiyar-terri
on the southern boundary of Kanganerippattu.
(Further it lies) to the south of (the line)
which, passes eastwards along the existing southern boundary of
Kanganerippattu until it reaches the fresh water tank of
Kanganerippattu. (Further it lies) to the south of (the line)
which, leaving this on the left side, passes eastwards and (then)
in a north-easterly direction along this existing boundary until it
reaches the wood-apple (tree) standing on this boundary. (Further it lies) to the south of (the line)
which, leaving this on the left side, passes eastwards and (then)
in a south-easterly direction along this existing boundary until it
reaches the atti tree standing at the spot where the
south-eastern corner of Kanganerippattu joins the north-western
corner of Polipakkam in Palaiyanurnadu, a hamlet of the above (said) village.
(Further it
lies) to the south of (the line) which, leaving this on
the right side, passes eastwards along the existing western boundary
of this Polipakkam until it reaches the bank of the tank called Kanganeri.
(Further it lies) to the south of (the line)
which, leaving this on the right side, passes eastwards along the
existing western boundary of this Polipakkam until it reaches the
bank of the tank called Kanganeri.
(Further it lies) to the south of (the line)
which, cutting through this bank and allowing the upper flow of
water of this tank, gets up (the bank) in a south-easterly
direction (and passes) until it reaches the old channel which
proceeding from the sluice of Kanganeri irrigates Palaiyanur,
Polipakkam and Kayarpakkam. (Further
it lies) to the south of (the line) which, cutting
through this channel and allowing the upper flow of water, passes in
a south-easterly direction along the existing boundary until it
reaches the Amangavaykkal
which flows from the Kanganeri (tank). (Further it lies) to the west and south of (the
line) which, cutting through this, passes southwards and (then)
eastwards along the existing western boundary of Polipakkam until it
reaches the ant-hill with the pullandi (tree) standing on
this boundary. (Further
it lies) to the south of (the line) which, leaving this
on the right side, passes eastwards along this existing boundary
until it reaches the old channel irrigating Palaiyanur and
Polipakkam. (Further
it lies) to the west of (the line) which, cutting through
this channel and allowing the water to flow over, passes southwards
along this existing boundary until it reaches the ant-hill with the margosa
(tree) standing on this boundary.
(Further it lies) to the west of (the line)
which, leaving this on the right side passes southwards along this
existing boundary until it reaches the high-level channel mettuvaykkal
flowing from the sluice of (the tank) Kanganeri.
(Further it lies) to the north of (the line)
which, allowing the water of this channel to flow over cuts through
it, and passes in a south-westerly direction along this existing
boundary until it reaches the margosa (tree) standing
on this boundary. (Further
it lies) to the west of (the line) which, leaving
this on the left side, passes southwards along the existing boundary
until it reaches the path leading to Palaiyanur from Kanganeri.
(Further it lies) to the south of (the line)
which, following this same path, passes along the existing boundary
in a south-easterly direction (until it) reaches the tamarind
(tree) called Kumaranpuli standing on the southern
boundary of Polipakkam. (Further
it lies) to the south of (the line) which, leaving this
on the right side, follows this same path along the existing
boundary in a south-easterly direction and then turns and goes in a
north-easterly direction. (Further
it lies) to the east of (the line) which, cutting across
this path, passes northwards along the existing boundary until it
reaches the tank called Kulivaniyan-eri on this boundary.
(Further it lies) to the east of (the line)
which, leaving this tank on the right side, passes northwards along
the existing eastern boundary of Polipakkam until it reaches the
eastern bank of the sacred bathing tank in front of the temple of
Mahadeva at Polipakkam. (Further
it lies) to the east of (the line) which, leaving this on
the left side, passes northwards along the existing boundary until
it reaches the western bank of the well called Mottaikkinaru
on this boundary. (Further
it lies) to the east of (the line) which, leaving this
well on the right side, passes northwards along the existing
boundary until it reaches the margosa (tree) standing
on this boundary. (Further
it lies) to the south of (the line) which, leaving this
on the left side, passes eastwards and (then) in a
north-easterly direction along the existing boundary until it
reaches the ant-bill standing on the eastern ridge of the field
called Nochcikkaluval on this boundary.
(Further it lies) to the south of (the line)
which, leaving this on the left side, passes eastwards along the
existing boundary until it reaches the ant-hill standing in the
south-western corner of Kayarpakkam.
(Further it lies) to the south of (the line)
which, leaving this on the left side, passes eastwards and then in a
north-easterly direction and (then again) eastwards along the
existing southern boundary of this (village of) Kayarpakkam
until it reaches the velungu tree standing on this boundary.
(Further it lies) to the south of (the line)
which, leaving this on the left side, passes eastwards along the
existing boundary until it reaches the ant-hill standing on this
boundary. (Further
it lies) to the east and south of (the line) which,
leaving this on the right side, passes northwards and then eastwards
along the existing boundary until it reaches the stout margosa
(tree) standing on this boundary.
(Further it lies) to the west and south of (the
line) which, leaving this margosa on the left side,
passes southwards and eastwards along the existing boundary until it
reaches the mound with the margosa (tree) standing on
this boundary. (Further
it lies) to the east and south of (the line) which,
leaving this mound on the right side, passes northwards and (then)
eastwards along the existing boundary until it reaches the well
called Amanpatti-kinaru at the spot where the south-eastern
corner of Kayarpakkam joins the south-western corner of Kulapadi in
Perumur-nadu, a hamlet of the above (said) village.
(Further it lies) to the south of (the line)
which, leaving this well on the right side, passes in a
north-easterly direction and (then) eastwards along the
existing southern boundary of this Kulapadi, until it reaches the
pond called Kurundurai-madu.
(Further it lies) to the south of (the line)
which, allowing the upper flow of water of this (pond), cuts
this right across and (then) getting up, passes in a
north-easterly direction and then eastwards along the existing
boundary until it reaches the ant-hill with the uga (tree)
standing on this boundary. (Further
it lies) to the south of (the line) which, leaving this
ant-hill on the right side, passes in a north-easterly direction and
(then) eastwards along the existing southern boundary of
Kulapadi until it reaches the ant-hill with the uga (tree)
standing on this boundary. And
(further) leaving this on the right side, (the boundary)
passes eastwards along
the existing southern boundary of Kulapadi and reaches the spot
where it first started.
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(L.
426.) (The following are) the privileges (parihara)
secured (by the temple) on getting as devadana, all
the land situated within the four great boundaries herein thus
declared including wet lands, dry lands, villages, village-sites,
houses, house-gardens, open fields, waste (lands set apart)
for grazing cattle, tanks, cow-pens,
ant-hills, hedges, forest-lands, pidiligai, barren lands,
brackish lands, streams, channels cut through fields, rivers, arable
lands near rivers, (deep) pits (of water) where fish
exist, hollows where honey is stored, trees growing up, wells sunk
below, tanks, ponds, lakes, collections of water below lake (bunds),
without excluding any existing land which is either covered with
water or rolled by the harrow, (the land) where iguanas run
or the tortoises creep: â nadatchi (fee for the
administration of the district), uratchi (fee for the
administration of the village),
nali (of grain) on (every) basket, pundanali,
(fee on) washer menâs stones, marriage-fees, fees on
potters and shepherds, tax on looms, brokerage tax on goldsmiths, manrupadu,
mavirai, tiyeri, virpidi, valamanjadi, good cow, good bull free
for the watch of the district (nadukaval), udupokku,
ilaikkulam, water-tax, tolls, fees of ferries and every (other)
fee including such as the king could take and enjoy, shall not (henceforth)
be received by the king (but) shall be received by this god
only. For having thus
obtained (the land), the following conditions (vyavasthai)
are imposed : â â(the lands) of the village shall be
irrigated by canals dug (proportionately) as per water
assigned (from those canals); other (who are not tenants
of the devadana lands) shall not be permitted to cut branches
from these canals (kurangaru), dam (the passage of water)
across, put up small piccottas, or bale (out) water in
baskets. The water (thus)
assigned shall not be wasted. Such
water shall be (appropriately) used for irrigation (after)
being regulated. Channels
and springs passing across the lands of other villages to irrigate (the
lands of) this village, shall (be permitted to) flow over
(the boundary line) and to cast up (silt).
Channels and springs passing across the lands of this village
to irrigate (the lands of) outside villages, shall (also
be permitted) to flow over and cast up (silt) ; mansions
and large edifices shall be built of burnt tiles (bricks ?) ;
reservoirs and wells shall be dug ; coconut (trees) shall be
planted in groves; maruvu, damanagam, iruveli senbagam,
red lilies and mango, jack, coconut, areca and such other useful
trees of various descriptions, shall be put in and planted ; large
oil-presses shall be set up; the Ilavas (toddy-drawers)
shall not (be permitted to) climb the coconut and palmyra (trees)
within the surrounding boundaries of this village ; the embankments
of the tanks of this village shall be permitted to be raised within
their (own) limits (to any suitable height) so as to
hold the utmost quantity of water that may be let into those
(tanks).
(L.
458.) Having taken round the female elephant and circumambuated the
hamlets and having planted (boundary) stones and milk-bush,
we, the people (nattom) of Palaiyanur in
Melmalai-Palaiyanur-nadu, drew up and gave the charity-deed (aravolai)
for a devadana to Mahadeva (Siva) of Tiruvalangadu
from the sixth year (of reign), subject to the privileges and
conditions set forth above. This
is the signature of me, Malisai-kilan Manan Ariyeru of Malisainadu in
Mangadu-nadu, (a subdivision) of Puliyur-kottam in
Jayangondasola-mandalam, who belonged to the department of taxes and
who being present with the people (of Palaiyanur), (was
one of the persons) who led round the female elephant and drew
and presented the charity-deed.
This is the signature of me, Peruman-Ambalattadi alias
Udaiyamarttanda-Muvendavelan of Sirramur in Vandalaivelur-kurram, (a
subdivision) of Arumolideva-valanadu who thus got the
charity-deed to be drawn up after taking the female elephant round.
This is the signature of me, Bharadvaji Narayanan Sendapiran
Bhatta of Sirunanalur, a resident of the glorious Arumolidevachcheri
of Rajaraja-chaturvedimangalam, who got thus the female elephant
taken round and the charity-deed drawn up. Thus, we (the members) of the assembly of
Singalantaka-chaturvedimangalam in Naduvilmalai-Perumur-nadu, marked
and showed the boundaries and going round with the female elephant
planted the (boundary) stones and milk-bush for the devadana
and drew up and presented the charity-deed.
This is the signature of me, the arbitrator Ayiravan Arangan alias
Singalantaka Danmappiriyan, the karanattan of this village.
We the villagers (urom) of Palaiyanur in
Menmalai-Palaiyanur-nadu, marked and showed the boundaries, thus,
and going round with the female elephant, planted the (boundary)
stones and milk-bush and drew up and presented the charity-deed, for
the devadana. This
is the signature of me the Sivabrahmanan Kasyapan Pudi
Tiruvorriyuradiga, the karanattan of this village, who wrote
this under the orders of the villagers.
We (the members of) the assembly of
Nittavinoda-chaturvedimangalam in Menmalai-Melur-nadu marked and
showed thus the milk-bush for the devadana and drew up and
presented the charity-deed. This
is the signature of me, the arbitrator Ayiravan Ayyan Peruman alias
Srikrishnan Uttamappiriyan who is the karanattan of this village.
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