The Indian Analyst
 

South Indian Inscriptions

 

 

Contents

Preface

Introduction

Dynastic Index

Text of the Inscriptions 

Cholas

Pandyas

Hoysalas

Kakatiya

Gajapati  

Vijayanagara

Nayakas

Other South-Indian Inscriptions 

Volume 1

Volume 2

Volume 3

Vol. 4 - 8

Volume 9

Volume 10

Volume 11

Volume 12

Volume 13

Volume 14

Volume 15

Volume 16

Volume 17

Volume 18

Volume 19

Volume 20

Volume 22
Part 1

Volume 22
Part 2

Volume 23

Volume 24

Volume 26

Volume 27

Tiruvarur

Darasuram

Konerirajapuram

Tanjavur

Annual Reports 1935-1944

Annual Reports 1945- 1947

Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum Volume 2, Part 2

Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum Volume 7, Part 3

Kalachuri-Chedi Era Part 1

Kalachuri-Chedi Era Part 2

Epigraphica Indica

Epigraphia Indica Volume 3

Epigraphia
Indica Volume 4

Epigraphia Indica Volume 6

Epigraphia Indica Volume 7

Epigraphia Indica Volume 8

Epigraphia Indica Volume 27

Epigraphia Indica Volume 29

Epigraphia Indica Volume 30

Epigraphia Indica Volume 31

Epigraphia Indica Volume 32

Paramaras Volume 7, Part 2

Śilāhāras Volume 6, Part 2

Vākāṭakas Volume 5

Early Gupta Inscriptions

Archaeological Links

Archaeological-Survey of India

Pudukkottai

Inscriptions of the Ranganathasvamy Temple, Srirangam

PANDYAS

Manabharana

No. 191 (Page No. 213)

(A. R. No. 117 of 1937-38)

V Prakara, west wall.

Commence with the parsati , Samasta-bhuvana-vikhyata, etc., and seems to describe Manabharanadeva, a Pandya king with the epithets Somakula-tilaka, Paramabhattaraka, Cholakulantaka etc.,  Seems to record a gift of land made to the temple of Ranganatha by Kittidevan and Pattamahadevi for providing two garlands (vanamalai)  to the deity. The record which is badly damaged is engraved in characters of about the 12th century A.D.

Published in Ep. Ind., Vol. XXXVIII, pp. 225 ff. 


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Maravarman sundara-pandya I 

No. 192 (Page No. 214)

(A. R. No. 53 of 1892 )

East wall of the second prakara.

Records that when the temple managers colluded with the Ottar in misappropriating the temple funds a large assembly comprising of all the administrative bodies met at the West Triruvidi of Rajamahendran Tiruvidi and resolved that the executive functions in the administration of the temple must be entrusted to individuals carefully selected, excluding the defaulters responsible for the misappropriation of temple funds, by rotation. Each individual or body may perform the function for one year. The individual must be selected on the occasion of Sripushpayagam. The record is dated in the 9th regnal year of Maravarman Tribhuvanachakravartin Sundara Pandya ‘who gave back Sonadu’  and quotes the details Mesha, ba 3, Friday, Visakha, which regularly correspond to 1225 A.D., March 28, Friday, 88, 41.

(Published in S.I.I., Vol. IV, No. 500.) 

Maravarman sundara-pandya II 

No. 193 (Page No. 215)

(A. R. No. 77 of 1951 -52 )

IV  Prakara, south wall, right of entrance, west end. 

Registers the ulvari issued by the king at the instance of Aiyyan Malavarayan for the tax-free village Kumaranambinallur newly formed and granted to the temple Navayan Kondanambi of Kulamukku, a horse-dealer (kudiraichchetti) of Malaimandalam, for worship and offerings. Mentions Irattakulakalapuram from which a portion of the land was separated to from the new village. 

Aiyyan Malavarayan at whose instance the lands in question were exempted from tax and Araiyan Viratamudittan alias  Pallavarayan of Chakrapaninallur in Sevvirukkai-nadu are well-known to be high officers who served under Maravarman Sundarapandya II (A.D. 1232-49) (S.I.I., Vol. V, No. 448) and there fore this inscription which is dated in the third year opposite to the eleventh (A.D. 1245-46) may be assigned to him. 

Jatavarman sundara-pandya I 

No. 194 (Page No. 217)

(A. R. No. 45  of 1891 )

North wall of the second prakara

Records the victory of Sundara-Pandya  over Hoysala Somesvara and the conquest of Srirangam and refers to the gifts made to the temple there.

(Published in Ep. Ind., Vol. III, pp. 7 ff.) 

No. 195 (Page No. 219)

(A. R. No. 60 of 1892 )

East faces of the four pillars of the Chandana Mandapa in front of the central shrine.

Records, in Sanskrit verse written in Grantha characters, the various gifts to the deity and the gilding of several parts of the temple from out of the gold of the second Tulabhara ceremony performed by the king Sundara Pandya and alludes to his victories over Simhana and Rama of the Hoysala dynasty, the cheras and the Cholas. The king may be identified with Jatavarman sundara-Pandya I  who bore the epithet Pommeynda-Perumal or Hemachchadanaraja. 

No. 196 (Page No. 220)

(A. R. No. 99 of 1936 -37)

Slab set up in the Manavala-Matha in the south a Uttira-street.

States that the Sundarapandya-matha  was built for welfare of Perumal Sundara-Pandya by Varantaruvan Eduttakkaialagiyan alias Pallavarayar of Tunjalur in Nadivur-kurram, a sub-division of Tirumilalaikurra-nadu, for the use of the Tridandi-sanyasis. King Sundara-Pandya may be identified with Jatavarman Sundara-Pandya I of accession A.D. 1251 who bore the distinguishing epithet Perumal [1]

No. 197 (Page No. 221)

(A. R. No. 81  of 1938 -39)

South wall of Chandana-Candapa 

States that Sunadara-Pandya defeated the Kerala and Hoysala kings and made his younger brother Vira-Pandya,  the lord of Konkana-rajya. Refers also to the king’s having performed the Tulabhara of gold and gilded the vimana of the temple. The inscription is in Sanskrit verse written in Grantha characters. The last verse of the record refers to the king as the elder brother of Kulasekhara (vide, A. R. Ep., 1914, Part II, para. 19). Mentions Partha- sarathi alias Koyil-Ponmeynda-Perumal-dasan. (See No. 199 below). 

No. 198 (Page No. 221)

(A. R. No. 82  of 1938 -39)

South wall of the chandana-mandapa, right of garuda-sannidhi.

Seems to contain Sanskrit and Tamil verses in praise of a king, evidently Jatavarman Sundara-Pandya, who defeated the Chola and Kshema. Engraved in Grantha and Tamil characters of the 13th century A.D.

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No. 199  (Page No. 222)

(A. R. No. 83 of 1938 -39)

Same wall, below no.198

Much damaged. Seems to contain a verse in praise of king Minavan (evidently Jatavarman Sundara-Pandya). A section of the record however mentions the name Ponmeynda-Perumal-dasan alias Parthasarathi (See No. 197 above ). Engraved in characters of 13th century A.D.

No. 200 (Page No. 222)

(A. R. No. 43  of 1948 -49 )

Same wall, by the side of no.44.

Much damaged. Seems to record a provision made for conducting certain festivals in the Perumaldevan-tirumandapam to god Lakskhmi-Varaha-nayanar and the goddess Nachchiyar instituted by Kulasekhara-Kalingarayar of Aricharanalaya-nallur. The record is dated in the 8th year of Jatavarman who bears the epithet Emmandala [munkondaruliya]. The king may be identified with Jatavarman Sundara-Pandya I.

No. 201 (Page No. 223)

(A. R. No. 338  of 1952 -53 )

Pavitra-mandapam, inner wall, right of the Aryabhattal-Vasal.

Damaged and built in. Seems to record the assignment of a number of plots of land by Perumburakkadal-Bhattan of Rajakesari-chaturvedimangalam  during his last days, evidently as provision for worship of Alagiyamanavalap perumal. Among the places mentioned in describing the boundaries of the plots are Bhuvanamulududaiya-nallur, Ulagamadevi-nallur, Neriyudaiya perumal-nallur, Navudaipperumal-vaykkal, Chandadanda-vadi, Aditya-vadi, Vanji-vali, etc. 

The inscription is dated in the 8th year of reign of Jatavarman Tribhuvanachakravartin Sundara-Pandya and the details viz., Mina. Su. 15, Wednesday, Hasta corresponding to A.D. 1258, March 20, Wedneday, f.d.t. 7, 89. 

No. 202 (Page No. 226)

(A. R. No. 84  of 1938 -39 )

South wall of the chandana-mandapa.

Records the order of Perumal Sundara-Pandya issued to Vanadaraya that the management of the temple which was hitherto vested with one group (kottu) of officials should now be extended to members of the other groups and that the Ariyar and ullurar be appointed to guard the treasury (porkaval) of the temple from the month of Avani in the 10th (A.D. 1261) year of the king, who may be identified with Jatavarman Sundara Pandya I. 

No. 203 (Page No. 226)

(A. R. No. 89 of 1938 -39 )

Same wall.

The inscription commences with the historical introduction Samastajagadadhara etc. and Purports to be an order issued at the request of the king by the god. States that the administration of the temple was hitherto conducted by a body of ten persons belonging to the Kovanavar kottu. (King) Sundara-Pandya is said to have defined the activities of the temple, made gifts as adukkalaippuram for maintenance of the kitchen, instituted services, gilded the vimanas like the Sriranga-vimana as also Sundara-Pandiyan-madil and the gopura, made duplicate sets of ornaments for the god, constructed a palanquin (sivigai) and presented several other articles made of gold. A representative committee from all the groups (kottus) was constituted, two from Kovanavar, two from Srirangamaraiyor, one from Todavattut-tumaraiyor, two from Talaiyiduvar, one from Vasa-ariyar and two from Arattamukki-anukkar for managing these benefactions. The inscription is attested by the Royal Secretary Kunnudaiyan Pallavan Vilupparaiyan of Puduchcheri and is said to have been engraved at the instance of Sriranganarayanadasan Matturkilavan Kurukulattaraiyan, the manager of the temple, the Kovanavar and the Kuduvar.

The record bears the same regnal year as the previous one but is dated a month later.

Maravarman kulasekhara I

No. 204 (Page No. 228)

(A. R. No. 7  of 1936-37 )

East wall of the room in the south-west corner of the third prakara.

Registers a gift of land by purchase, by Matitungan Tanininruvenraperumal alias  Ariyachakravarti of Chakravartinallur in Sevvirukkai-nadu for supplying garlands to the god on the day of his natal star Tiruvadirai and on certain other specified festival days. The record belonging to Maravarman alias Tribhuvanchakravartin Kulasekharadeva I is dated in the 10th regnal  year, Dhanus, su 10. Monday, Asvati, regularly corresponding to A.D. 1277, December 6, 53; 81

Jatavarman sundara-pandya (II) 

No. 205 (Page No. 229)

(A. R. No. 6 of  1936-37 )

Same wall.

Records a royal order making provision for the maintainance of a perpetual lamp to the god Koyilponmeynda Perumal form the taxes due from the shepherds. The inscription is dated in the 2nd year and the 124th day of Tribhuvanachakravartin Konerinmaikondan Sundara-Pandyadeva. The record may be assigned to jatavarman Sundara Pandya II who ascended the throne in 1276 A.D.  The regnal year quoted for the king in the record viz. 2nd year, is too early for Jatavarman Sundara Pandya I who seems to have acquired the title Pon-meynda-perumal sometime after 1253 A.D., (vide A.R. Ep., 1936-37, Part II, para 39). The date of the record will correspond to A.D. 1278. 

No. 206  (Page No. 230)

(A. R. No. 44 of 1948-49)

Third prakara, north wall of the Dorai-mandapa.

Records a gift of tax-free land capable for yielding 2,000 kalam of paddy and a revenue of 163 pon in the village Anbil in Ira[ja*]ra[ja]*-valanadu as madappuram to the Srivaishnavas of the Avanivendraman-matha eastblished after the name of the king, by Devapiran Alagiyaperumal alias Sundara Pandya  Kalingarayar of Vilattur in Milalaik-kurram. The gift seems to have been made in the 3rd year of the king Jatavarman Tribhuvanachakravartin Konerinmaikondan. The king is evidently identical with a SundaraPandya who is known to have been called Avanivendaraman and who is also known to have been born on the day of the asterism Uttirattadi (Nos. 299 and 300 of 1943-44). Since Jatavarman Sundarapandya I and III were born in the asterisms Mula and Pushya respectively this king may be identified with Sundara Pandya II who ascended the throne in 1276 A.D. 

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No. 207  (Page No. 231)

(A. R. No. 53 of 1936-37 )

Same wall.

Registers a grant of house-sites for the bhattas  and for the deity apparently Vedanarayana-perumal, free of taxes in the agaram (name not given) formed in the king’s name in Tirunarayanapuram. The record is engraved below No. 220 and is damaged. The king probably is Sundara Pandya, brother of Jatavarman Vira-Pandya (Vide Nos. 219 and 220 below ). 

No. 208 (Page No. 231)

(A. R. No. 12 of 1936-37)

North wall of the third prakara (inside), to the west of the Svarga-Vasal-Gopura.

Registers a gift of land by purchase, for rearing a flower-garden for supplying flowers to god Alagiya- manavala-Perumal, by Asuri Sri Lakshmabhatta-Somayali of Kannudai-chaturvedimangalam in Pachchil-kurram, a subdivision of Rajaraja-valanadu, one of the bhattas  of the Sripadaseva group  of (appointed  by ?) Perumal Sundara-Pandyadeva. The record is dated in the Sundara Pandyadeva who may be identified with Jatavarman Sundara Pandya II, whose 15th year of reign corresponds to A.D. 1290-91. 

Jatavarman vira-pandya  

No. 209 (Page No. 232)

(A. R. No. 44 of 1936-38)

East wall of the fourth prakara

Records an exchange of land between Malaikkiniyaninran-bhatttan and Gomadattu Narayana-bhattan of Vikramasola-chaturvedimangalam in connection with certain endowment to the colony formed by Kalingaraya in the name of Perumal i.e. Jatavarman Tribhuvanachakravartin Vira Pandya in the 10th year of his reign. A portion of the land so exchanged is said to have belonged formerly to a certain Kandiyadevar. Among the boundaries of the land is mentioned a village by name Tuppanyakkar-agaram. The details of date viz., Kumbha, ba. 13, Wednesday, Uttiradam, correspond to A.D. 1307, February 1; 80; 51, if meant for the regnal year 10, given in 1. no. 7 of the inscription. 

No. 210  (Page No. 234)

(A. R. No. 50of 1936-37)

Same wall.

Registers a sale of land including the land acquired by exchange (vide No.209 ante) by Gomadattu Narayana-Bhattan and his brother Vainateya Bhattan to Araiyan Periya-Perumal alias  Kalingarayar of Kattikkuruchchi, for the formation of a colony, (vide No. 211 below). The record bears the same date as the previous inscription (No. 209) viz., 10th year, Kumbha, ba. 13, Wednesday, Uttiradam.

No. 211 (Page No. 236)

(A. R. No. 47 of 1936-37)

Same wall.

Registers the sale deed of the lands purchased by Periyaperumal alias Kalingarayar from Gomadattu –Narayana-Bhattar and his brother (vide Nos 209 and 210) for the formation of the colony Kaliyugarama-chaturvedimangalam named after king. The details of date are the same as in No.210. 

No. 212 (Page No. 237)

(A. R. No. 49 of 1936-37)

Same wall.

Purports to be order issued by the deity while seated on the throne called the ‘Sundara-Pandya’ under the pearl canopy called ‘Sundara-Pandya’ in the abhisheka-mandapa in the temple on the day of Karttigai festival, in respect of house-sites granted to the 32 bhattas in the newly formed colony the order to take effect form the month of Chittirai in the 10th year  of the king. 

No. 213 (Page No. 238)

(A. R. No. 42 of 1936-37)

Same wall.

Records the ratification of the order of the deity (in the previous record )by the temple authorities assigning the house-sites (vide No.212), pathways, etc., out of lands carved out of Vikramachola-chaturvedi- mangalam for the formation of Kaliyugarama-chaturvedimangalam by Kalingarayar alias Periyaperumal, stipulating that should an occasion arise for the donees to sell the lands so assigned to them they should confine such transaction among themselves or the Bhagavatas and persons of the same tenets as themselves The bhattas were required to measure out ghee for a lamp as tax on their house sites. 

No. 214 (Page No. 239)

(A. R. No. 45 of 1936-37)

Same wall.

Registers the gift of the land referred to in Nos. 212 and 213 above having been made tax-free by Valaivisuvan Periyaperumal Kalingarayar of Kattikkurichchi, a hamlet of Parantakanallur in Naduvil-kurram, a subdivision of Milalai-kurram in Pandimandalam, to the bhattas of Kaliyugarama-chaturvedimangalam. 

No. 215 (Page No. 239)

(A. R. No. 46 of 1936-37)

Same wall.

States that some lands which had been granted in exchange for a pathway to Kaveri from Manrachcha-nallur, Uppur, Nochchiyam, Attani, Nelkuppai and others and include in the new colony of Kaliyugarama-chaturvedimangalam  were made tax-free from the 10th year of the  king’s reign.  

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No. 216 (Page No. 240)

(A. R. No. 48 of 1936-37)

Same wall.

Records the sale of land by Gomadattu-Narayana Bhatta and his brother to Kalingarayar who in turn gave it over to the 32 bhatta of the agaram (Kaliyugarama-chaturvedimangalam). The details of date viz. 10th year, Kumbha ba. 13, Wednesday, Uttiradam are the same as in No. 209.  The land is stated to have been sold in order to from part of the pathway to Kaveri. 

No. 217 (Page No. 241)

(A. R. No. 43 of 1936-37)

Same wall.

Registers a gift of land by Gomadattu Narayana-bhatta of Vikramasola-chaturvedimangalam to the bhattas of Kalingarayar-agaram, which was separated from the former village. The record is engraved in continuation of No. 213 and is dated in the  12th year, Tula, ba. 10, Wednesday, Magha, corresponding to A.D. 1308, October 9, Wednesday, f.d.t. 07; f.d.n. 19. 

No. 218 (Page No. 242)

(A. R. No. 98 of 1936-37)

Four inner jambs of the gopura in the chittirai street

Four labels, one on each jamb reading ‘Kaliyugaraman’ in Grantha characters of the 13th Century A.D. Below each labels is sculptured in relief the figure of a Gandabherunda, with a human body and two birds’ heads facing in opposite directions. 

No. 219 (Page No. 242)

(A. R. No. 51 of 1936-37)

East wall of the fourth prakara

Registers gift of tax-free land to the temple of Vedanarayana-Perumal at Tirunarayanapuram in Allkarai-nadu. Mentions SundarPandya-chaturvedimangalam fromed in the name of the king’s elder brother (annalvi). The Tribhuvanachakravartin  Konerinmaikondan of this record may be identified with Jatavarman Vira-Pandya of the initial year A.D. 1296-97, in which case annalvi Sundarapandya may be identified with Jatavarman Sundarapandya who ascended the throne in 1276 A.D. 

No. 220 (Page No. 243)

(A. R. No. 52 of 1936-37)

Same wall.

The record, also attributable to Jatavarman of the previous inscription connected with and engraved below No. 219 and registers a remission of taxes on lands in Jayangondasola-chaturvedimangalam, for money received by the bhattas  of  Sundarapandya-chaturvedimangalam, a hamlet of Tirunarayanapuram in Alakarai-nadu. 

No. 221 (Page No. 243)

(A. R. No. 149 of 1938-39)

South wall of the chakrattalvar shrine.

Registers the conformations by the king of the tax-free grant of the village Chittiravalli alias Kerala-chaturvedimangalam in Kottaikarai-nadu, made by his father (Ayyan) Kulasekhara, for the expenses of conducting the service called Kulasekhara-sandi instituted in his name in the shrine of Tiruvali-Alvar Quotes the 21st year and 290th day of the kings’s reign. Konerinmaikondanof the record may be identified with Jatavarman Vira Pandya, a half-brother of Jatavarman Sundara Pandya II. Ayyan Kulasekhara evidently refers to Maravarman Kulasekhara II. 

Jatavarman sunadra pandya III 

No. 222 (Page No. 244)

(A. R. No. 40 of 1936-37)

East wall of the fourth prakara.

Records that on the representation made by Kariyamanikka Alvar, the Srikariyam, and the other temple executives, 3645 kuli of temple land were made over towards sites for the formation of a colony named Ravivarma-chaturvedimangalam after Ravivarman alias Venattadigal and for a temple for Ravinarayanap-perumal. The land for the colony is said to have been purchased for 4,000 panam  out of which 1,800 were collected at the rate of 10 panam per kol private building sites and at 5 per kol deserted sites, the rest going towards the cost of the cost of the temple lands. Among the petitioners for the approval of the transaction figures the accountant Kodai Ulkkanakkappillai of Venattadigal. The petition was presented to the lord on the occasion of Chittiral-Vishnu in the 8+1st year of Perumal Sundara Pandyadeva. Since the inscription mentions Kaliyugaraman-tiruvadi among the details of the boundaries of the sites, which must have been evidently named after Kaliyugaraman, a title of Jatavarman Virapandya who ascended the throne in 1296-97 A.D., the king of his record may be identified with Jatavarman Sundarapandya of 1303 A.D., whose 9th regnal year therefore, will correspond to A.D. 1311-12.

No. 223 (Page No. 246)

(A. R. No. 18 of 1936-37)

North wall of the fourth prakara, opposite the mudalalvar shrine

Registers a tax-free gift of 700 ma of land to 208 bhattas colonizing the agaram called Kodandarama-chaturvedimangalam, newly founded and named after the king in Tiruvarangam-Tiruppati in Vila-nadu, a sub-division of Pandikulapati-valanadu on the southern –bank, and for offerings and worship of dated in the 10th year and 184th day of Tribhuvanachakravartin Konerinmaikondan who may be identified with Jata- varman Sundar Pandya III who is well-known to have had the title Kodandaraman. The date of the record thus correspond  to A.D. 1312. 

No. 224 (Page No. 247)

(A. R. No. 360 of 1953-54)

IV Prakara, wall behind achchavayyan shrine, east of the mettalagiyasingar shrine.

Partly covered up by the flooring slabs by the interception walls. Seems  to give alist of the shareholders of the gift village Kodandaraman-chaturvedimangalam among whom figure Irayur Sottai Ekayanap-Periyaperumal, Sottai Sellappillai, Kandadai-Bhagavad –Ramanuja-Bhattar, etc. Regarding the formation of Kodandarama-chaturvedimangalam, see No 223 above.  

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No. 225 (Page No. 249)

(A. R. No. 29 of 1936-37)

Same wall.

Registers a grant of land to the sabha of Jagadekavira-chaturvedimangalam  in exchange for 3 veli of land required for the temple of Kodandarama-perumal in the new colony Kodandarama-chaturvedi- mangalam (vide No. 223). The record is dated in the 11th year and the 170th day of the king, corresponding to A.D. 1313. Sundara Pandya Kalingarayar figurer as one of the signatories in the record. 

No. 226 (Page No. 249)

(A. R. No. 19 of 1936-37)

IV Prakara, north wall, opposite to the svarga-vasal.

Registers a tax-free gift of 106 ma of land by the king in Kodandarama-chaturvedimangalam to the deity named Kodandarama-perumal after the king, and the  bhattas of the colony (vide No 223 ). The record is dated in the 12th year and 102nd of the king’s reign and is engraved in continuation of No. 223. God Kodandadrama-perumal is identical with god Lakshminarayana –perumal of No. 223. Nettur-Udaiyan Kalingarayan  figures as a signatory in  this and two following numbers. The date of the record will be A.D.1314 in the reign of Sundara-Pandya III. 

No. 227 (Page No. 250)

(A. R. No. 20 of 1936-37)

Same wall.  

Registers a further gift of 20 ma of  tax-free land the king to the same bhattas. This record engraved in continuation of the previous inscription (No.226) is dated in the 12th year and 102nd day of the king. 

No. 228 (Page No. 251)

(A. R. No. 21 of 1936-37)

Same wall.

Registers another gift of 34 ½ (veli?) of land by the king in Turaiyur in Mala-nadu alias Rajaraja –valanadu, to the bhattas and the god of the same agaram. Engraved in continuation of No. 227. This is also dated in the 12th year and 102nd day of the king (vide.No.227). 

Maravarman kulasekhara II 

No. 229 (Page No. 252)

(A. R. No. 21 of 1936-37)

North wall of the fourth prakara.

Registers sale of a plot of garden-land to the bhatta of Kodandarama-chaturvedimangalam by Srivaikunda-dasan of Tirumeyam. The record belongs to the 2nd year of Konerinmaikondan Tribhuvanachakravartin Kulasekharadeva. Since the bhattas  of Kodandarama-chaturvedimanglam (vide No. 228 above ) figure in the transaction recorded in this and the following numbers. Kulasekhara of this inscription who was a Maravarman, according to the following inscription must be identified with Maravarman Kulasekhara who ascended the throne in 1314 A.D., and who was therefore a junior contemporary of Jatavaraman Sundara pandya (accession 1302 A.D. ) in whose name the above mentioned village was formed. A comparison of the details of date given in this inscription with the same details occurring in the following inscriptions will show that the expression ‘edir-am-andu’ meaning ‘the year opposite to ‘was inadvertently omitted in this inscription. Hence the details of date given in this and the following numbers (230-34) would correspond to A.D.1316, January 13, Tuesday ; 53; f.d.n. 93. 

No. 230 (Page No. 253)

(A. R. No. 23 of 1936-37)

Same wall.

Records the sale of garden-land by the official of the Eduttarkai-Alagiya-Nayanar shrine at Tiruvarangam to the bhattas of Kodandarama-chaturvedimangalam founded in the name of Perumal Sundara-Pandyadeva. The inscription is dated in the (2+1st) year of the king’s reign in Makara, ba. 3, Uttiram Tuesday; which details are identical with those of the previous record but for the omission in the former of the ‘opposite’ year quoted. 

No. 231 (Page No. 254)

(A. R. No. 25 of 1936-37)

Same wall. 

Also records a similar transaction by Piraguvali Nittan alias Koyiponmeyndaperumaldasan, a dasanambi of Tiruvarangam, to the bhattas of Kodandarama-chaturvedimangalam. 

No. 232 (Page No. 255)

(A. R. No. 26 of 1936-37)

Same wall.

Also record the sale of a garden-land by the official of the shrine of the goddess Sriranganayaki to the same bhattas. 

No. 233 (Page No. 256)

(A. R. No. 27 of 1936-37)

Same wall.

Records the sale of a garden-land to the bhattas by Arulalap-perumal alias Piraguvali Alagiyaperumaldasan, a dasanambi of Tiruvarangam-Tirup-pati.  

No. 234 (Page No. 257)

(A. R. No. 28 of 1936-37)

Same wall.

Registers a similar sale of garden-land to the bhattas by Karumanikkalvan alias Anukkavillidasan, a dasanambi of Tiruvarngam-Tiruppati. Among the boundaries of the land sold is mentioned the gareden of Kulasekhara Brahmarayar alias Chollappillai, a Sripadamtangum-nambi. 

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No. 235 (Page No. 258)

(A. R. No. 98 of 1937-38)

West wall of the fourth prakara.

Registers a sale of garden-land to the bhattas of Kodandarama-chaturvedimangalm by a number of persons. The record belongs to the 2+1st year of Maravarman Tribhuvanachakravartin Kulasekhara and is dated in Mesha, ba 7, Thursday, Sadayam. The details of date correspond to A.D. 1316 April 15, Thursday. Since the combination of Sadaiyam with the other details given is impossible, it may be considered to be a mistake for Uttiradam or Sravanam. 

No. 236 (Page No. 259)

(A. R. No. 97 of 1937-38)

West wall of the fourth prakara.

Registers a sale of land to the bhattas of Kodandarama-chaturvedimangalam by Kuravaiseri Narayana-bhatta Sarvvakratu of Nagalamahadevi-chaturvedimangalam. The record belongs to the 2+1st regnal year of the kind and the details of the date Viz., Mesha, ba. 10, Sundya, Revati, correspond to A.D. 1316, April 18. Here also the combination of the nakshatra Revati with the other details is impossible and therefore it must be taken as a mistake for Purattadi. 

No. 237 (Page No. 260)

(A. R. No. 95 of 1937-38)

Same wall.

Registers a sale of land to the bhattas of Kodandarama-chaturvedimangalam by Alikkonrai Devaraya-Bhatta of  Nagalamahadevi-chaturvedimangalam an agrahara in Vila-nadu, a sub-division of Pandikulapati-valanadu. The record is dated in the 2+1st year (vide No.230 of the king’s reign) and the details of the date i.e., Mesha, ba. 11 Sunday, Uttirattadi correspond regularly to A.D. 1316, April 18, f.d.t. 09; f.d.n. 83. The king’s name Jatavarman seems to be wrongly quoted for Maravarman. 

No. 238  (Page No. 261)

(A. R. No. 98-A of 1937-38)

West wall of the fourth prakara.

Records the sale-deed of the lands mentioned in No.235 on the 23rd of Vaikasi in the same year i.e., on May 17, 1316.,  a month later than the date quoted in No. 235 above. 

No. 239 (Page No. 262)

(A. R. No. 41 of 1936-37)

East wall of the fourth prakara, in continuation of no.222 above.

Records a tax-free gift of lands in Todaiyur, Nattanangudi, Malavanur and several others villages to the bhattas of Ravivarma-chaturvedimangalam and the god Ravinarayana perumal (vide No.222) by the king  Tribhuvanachakravartin Konerinmaikondan (vide No. 240 following) while he was camping at Kannanur on the 24th day of his 2+1st regnal year. Since the village was formed in the year opposite to the eighth year of Perumal Sundarapandya identified with Jatavarman Sundarapandya III (No. 222 above )the king of this record may be identified with Maravarman Kulasekhara II. 

No. 240 (Page No. 263)

(A. R. No. 22 of 1936-37)

West wall of the fourth prakara.

Engraved in continuation of No. 228 registers a remission of taxes on certain lands purchased by the bhattas of Kodandarama-chaturvedimangalam towards temple site, garden and sites for the watchmen. The record is dated the 2+1st year and 213th day of Tribhuvanachakravartin  Konerinmaikondan who may be identified with Maravarman Kulasekhara II. Narayana Anantan, a signatory in the record also figures in the record No. 241 below. 

No. 241 (Page No. 264)

(A. R. No. 39 of 1936-37)

North wall of the fourth prakara.

Records the assignment of the vrittis to the temple, the Brahmanas and services out of the lands referred to in the previous record. The village Ravivarma-chaturvedimangalam is stated to have been founded in the name of the king described as Tribhuvanachakravartin Konerinmaikondan by whom the record is issued. The date at the end of the record makes it assignable to the reign of Maravarman  Kulasekhara II (compare the numbers above). Narayana Anantan, a signatory of this record figures also in No.240 above. 

No. 242  (Page No. 265)

(A. R. No. 38 of 1936-37)

Same wall.

Records the order (terippu) issued in the 4th regnal year of the king from his camp at Kannanur communicating the royal sanction to the remission of taxes on 5 veli of land left out of the 30 veli of which 25 had already been assigned in favour of the bhattas of Ravivarma-chaturvedimangalam (No.241). 

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No. 243 (Page No. 266)

(A. R. No. 37 of 1936-37)

Same wall.

Registers the assignment of the 5 veli of land referred to in the previous record to the bhattas of the agaram on the same day specified in the previous record. 

No. 244 (Page No. 267)

(A. R. No. 36 of 1936-37)

Same wall opposite the chandra-pushkarani.

Records the remittance into the temple treasury by Srivaikundadasan a sum of 2,200 panam, part of which was relished as cost of lands in Jagadekavira-chaturvedimangalam sold to certain bhattas of Ravivarma-chaturvedimangalam, part towards temple services and the rest by way of fines collected from the Ariyar and the Kaikkolas. The amount so remitted was earmarked towards the purchase of a palanquim, an aureole, etc. for the temple. 

The record is dated in the 4th year, Adi 10, of Maravarman Tribhuvanachakravartin Kulasekharadeva who may be identical with Kulasekhara II of the previous numbers. The date may correspond to A.D. 1317, July 7. 

No. 245 (Page No. 267)

(A. R. No. 101 of 1937-38)

West wall of the fourth prakara.

Registers another sale of land to the bhattas of Kodandarama-chaturvedimangalam by Devapperumal-sani, wife of Tiruvengadadasam, a dasanambi of Tiruvarangam. The record is dated in the fourth regnal year and the details quoted of the date viz., simha, ba. 13, Mondya, Pusam, seem to correspond to A.D. 1317, August 5, Friday (not Mondya );87; f.d.n. 13. 

No. 246 (Page No. 269)

(A. R. No. 96 of 1937-38)

Same wall.

Registers a sale of land to the bhattas of Kodandaram-chaturvedimangalam by two brothers Alagapperumal alias Koyilkattaperumal-Nambi and Alvar alias Nalantigal-Narayana Amudanar of Kudavayil. The record is dated in the forth regnal year and the details of date viz., Simha, su. 8, Tuesday, Anusham seem to correspond to A.D. 1317 August 16, Tuesday, 32. But Anusham ended at 75 on the previous day. 

No. 247 (Page No. 270)

(A. R. No. 100 of 1937-38)

Same wall.

Registers a similar sale of land to the bhattas  of  Kodandarama-chaturvedimangalam by Tirupparkadal-dasan alias Tirumalaitandar, a dasanambi of Tiruvarangam. The record belongs to the Fourth regnal year and quotes the details Tula, su. 14, Thursday, probably corresponding to A.D. 1317, October 20, The star was Asvati. 

No. 248 (Page No. 271)

(A. R. No. 99 of 1937-38)

Same wall.

Registers another sale of land by Nalantigal Narayana Amudinar of Kudavayil, to the bhattas of Kodanda-rama-chaturvedimangalam. The record belongs to the 4th year of the king but the details quoted viz. Kumbha, ba. 9, Monday, Uttirattadi are irregular. The combination of Navami and Uttirattadi in Kumbha is impossible. 

No. 249 (Page No. 272)

(A. R. No. 115 of 1938-39)

East wall of the third prakara.

This record which purports to have emanated form the deity, registers the gift of 48 house-sites to 48 bhattas of Kodandarama-chaturvedimangalam by Ramanujan Udaiyar, Karumanikkalvan, Sriranga-narayanatadan and other officers, in the month of Chittirai, in the 5th year of Kulasekhara. In addition to the house sites, the donees were given 24 dishes of food offerings provided for the services of ponmeydan-sandi named after Sundarapandya of former times and of Kodandaraman-sandi instituted after ‘our’ Sundarapandya as described by the deity. The record adds that the village was formed at the ellaikkarai by Karumanikkalvan of Tiyur in Milalaikkurram. No. 250 below which is connected with this record adds that this village was founded for the good health of Perumal Sundarapandya. The setting of forty-eight bhattas in this village is perhaps an additional arrangement made in the 5th year of the reign of Kulasekhara. 

No. 250 (Page No. 273)

(A. R. No. 116 of 1938-39)

Same wall.

Records the assignment of the 48 house-sites referred to in the previous record in Tai in the 5th year of the king’s reign. 

No. 251 (Page No. 275)

(A. R. No. 371 of 1953-54)

Kottaram; outer wall facing the Garuda-Mandapa.

Damaged. Seems to record the gift, probably of land, by Pulavan Peruman alias Sundara-pandya Villadha-rayan of Mannikkodu, Uyyavandan. . . . . and Validipanmar alias . . . . . from Malai-mandalam. The details of the gift are lost. The record is dated in the 10th regnal year of the king and the details viz., Makara, ba . . . .mi, Monday, Anilam regularly correspond to A.D.1323, January 3. The tithi was dasami.

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No. 252 (Page No. 276)

(A. R. No. 319 of 1952-53)

South wall of the Tirukkuralappan (vamana) shrine.

Records an undertaking by the residents of the tirunamattukkani village Pallikondan-tiruvadikkuraiyur to remit paddy and cash, the former at one nali and a uri Per kalam and the latter at half ma per panam, into the temple treasury for offering to the image of Ranganatha consecrated by Alagiyamanavalap-Perumal at Alvar-Tirunadudaiyapiran-tirumaligai and stipulates confiscation of the property of defaulters in the undertaking. The record is dated on the 6th day of Masi in the 30th year of the king’s reign, which may correspond to A.D. 1344, January 30. 

Vira Kulasekhara

No.253 (Page No. 276)

(A. R. No. 86 of 1936-37)

Stone in the pavement of the mandapa in front of the tayar shrine.

Fragmentary. Seems to record a gift of land at Appikkudal for offerings to god Eduttakai-Alagiya-Nayanar. The record is dated in the 5th year of Perumal Vira-Kulasekharadeva. It is engraved in characters of about the 15th century. In the absence of others details it is not possible to identify the king.  

Miscellaneous 

No. 254 (Page No. 277)

(A. R. No. 122 of 1937-38)

On a slab set up in the Vedavyasa- Bhattar -Tirumaligai in the north Chittirai street.

Damaged. Seems to refers to a matha and mentions Sundarapandyadeva. The slab bears the Pandya emblems of a pair of fish with two ankusas and the Vaishnava Chakra, parasol and chauris. In characters of the 13th century A.D. 

No. 255 (Page No. 277)

(A. R. No. 359 of 1953-54)

IV Prakara, wall behind Achchavayyan shrine, east of the Mettalagiyasingar shrine.

Partly covered up by the flooring slabs and by the intercepting walls. Seems to record a grant by purchase of some tirunamattukkani land in Jagadekavira-chaturvedimanglam by Mangalur Rudranarayana-bhattan for supply of garlands to god Eduttakai-Alagiya-Nayanar. In characters of about the 12th century. 

No. 256 (Page No. 278)

(A. R. No. 325 of 1950-51)

II Prakara, senaimudaliyar shrine, proper right of entrance.

Damaged. Seems to record some additions made to the manadapa by Tunjalur-udaiyan Araiyan . . . . . . alias Gangeyarayan. In characters of about the 13th century A.D. 

No. 257 (Page No. 278)

(A. R. No. 51 of 1938-39)

II Prakara, south wall.

No date.

Purport to be an order issued by god Ranganatha directing a council of 23 members of whom ten are to be selected from out of the kottu of the temple, four from the sanyasins and desantris, five representing the 18 mandalas and four representing the Chera, Chola, Pandya kings and the Kshatriyas of the north, to appoint a sanyasin versed in the Vaishnava lore and with the interest of the temple at heart and belonging to either Pangayachchelviyur alias Vellarai or Parantaka-chaturvedimangalam alias Salagramam or the Nalayiravar-Brahmadeyam in Pandi-mandalam, to took after the properties of the temples situated in several places, with provision made for his maintenance Mentions the appointment of armed Velaikkaras to help the sanyasin in discharging his duties. In characters of the 13th century A.D.


[1] A.R.E.p., 1936-37, part II, para 39.

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