The Indian Analyst
 

South Indian Inscriptions

 

 

Contents

Preface

Introduction

Table of Contents

Text of the Inscriptions 

Part - I

Part - II

Part - III

Part - IV

Part - V

Other Inscription 

Chola Inscription

Telugu Inscriptions from Andra Pradesh

Pallava Inscriptions

Pandya Inscriptions

Telugu Inscriptions of the Vijayanagara Dynasty

Inscriptions Collected During 1903-1904

Other South-Indian Inscriptions 

Volume 1

Volume 2

Volume 3

Vol. 4 - 8

Volume 9

Volume 10

Volume 11

Volume 12

Volume 13

Volume 14

Volume 15

Volume 16

Volume 17

Volume 18

Volume 19

Volume 20

Volume 22
Part 1

Volume 22
Part 2

Volume 23

Volume 24

Volume 26

Volume 27

Tiruvarur

Darasuram

Konerirajapuram

Tanjavur

Annual Reports 1935-1944

Annual Reports 1945- 1947

Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum Volume 2, Part 2

Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum Volume 7, Part 3

Kalachuri-Chedi Era Part 1

Kalachuri-Chedi Era Part 2

Epigraphica Indica

Epigraphia Indica Volume 3

Epigraphia
Indica Volume 4

Epigraphia Indica Volume 6

Epigraphia Indica Volume 7

Epigraphia Indica Volume 8

Epigraphia Indica Volume 27

Epigraphia Indica Volume 29

Epigraphia Indica Volume 30

Epigraphia Indica Volume 31

Epigraphia Indica Volume 32

Paramaras Volume 7, Part 2

Śilāhāras Volume 6, Part 2

Vākāṭakas Volume 5

Early Gupta Inscriptions

Archaeological Links

Archaeological-Survey of India

Pudukkottai

South Indian Inscriptions, Volume 2

Tamil Inscriptions

part - i

INSCRIPTIONS  OF THE TANJAVUR TEMPLE

INSCRIPTIONS ON THE WALLS OF THE CENTRAL  SHRINE

No. 8 On the walls of the portico second tier

This inscription engraved on the southeast and north walls of a portico, which forms the main entrance on the east of the central shrine. The published text, which consists of three sections of nine lines each, ends in the middle of paragraph 26 with the statement, that the inscription is continued at the bottom of the south wall of the portico. Of this portion no copy could be taken, as the present pavement of the temple court rises to its level.

Like the preceding inscription, this one describes a number of ornaments of gold and jewels, which were presented by Arvar Parantakan Kundavaiyar until the 3rd year of the reign of Ko-Parakesarivarman, alias Rajendra-Choladeva. The donees were the images, which she had set up herself. Among these, the published part of the inscription mentions the consort of Dakshina-Meru-Vitankar (pargraph 2) and the consort of Tanjai-Vitankar (paragraphs 8 and 24).

                                    Translation

1. Hail! Prosperity! Until the third year (of the reign) of Ko-Parakesarivarman, alias the lord Sri-Rajendra-Soradeva, — Arvar Parantakan Kundavaiyar, (who was) the venerable elder sister of the lord Sri-Rajarajadeva (and) the great queen of Vallavaraiyar Vandyadevar, gave to the images which she had set up herself, — gold which was weighed by the stone (used in) the city and called (after) Adavallan, and jewels which were weighed by the jewel weight called (after) Dakshina-Meru-Vitankan. Those (jewels), which could be weighed (separately), were weighed without the threads, of the frames, the copper nails, the lac and the pinju. Those jewels, the net weight of which could not be ascertained, as they were united with the lac and the pinju (were weighed) together with the lac and the pinju. (The amount of this gold and these jewels) was engraved on stone (as follows): -

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2. To (the goddess) Umaparamesvari, who is the consort of our lord Dakshina-Meru-Vitankar, (she) gave: -

3. One sacred girdle (tiruppattigai), (containing) ninety-seven karanju and a half, four manjadi and nine tenths of gold. Six hundred and sixty-seven large and small diamonds with smooth edges, set (into it), — including such as had spots, cracks, red dots, black dots, and marks as of burning, — weighed two karanju and a quarter and six tenths (of a manjadi). Eighty-three large and small rubies, viz., twenty-two halahalam of superior quality, twenty halahalam, twenty smooth rubies, nine bluish rubies, two sattam and ten unpolished rubies, — including such as had cavities, cuts, holes, white specks, flaws, and such as still adhered to the ore, — weighed ten karanju and three quarters, three manjadi and two tenths. Two hundred and twelve pearls, strung or sewn on, — including round pearls, roundish pearls, polished pearls, small pearls, nimbolam, ambumudu, (pearls) of brilliant water and of red water, such as had been polished while still adhering to the shall, (and pearls with) lines, stains, red dots, white specks and wrinkles, — weighed eighteen karanju and two manjadi. Altogether, (the girdle) weighed one hundred and twenty-nine karanju and seven tenths (of a manadi), corresponding to a value of four thousand and five hundred kasu.

4. One ring for the foot of the goddess (tiruvadikkarai), (containing) seventy-three karanju and three manjadi, six tenths and one twentieth of gold. Four hundred and fifty-five diamonds, set (into it), viz., four hundred and forty-nine diamonds with smooth edges, and six flat diamonds with smooth edges, — including such as had spots, cracks, red dots, black dots, and marks as of burning, — weighed (one) karanju and a half, two manjadi, five tenths and one twentieth. Thirty-nine large and small rubies, viz., ten halahalam of superior quality, ten halahalam, eight smooth rubies, three bluish rubies and eight unpolished rubies, — including such as had cavities, cuts, holes, white specks, flaws, and such as still adhered to the ore, — weighed four karanju and six tenths (of a manjadi). Altogether, (the ring) weighed seventy-eight karanju and three quarters, (one) manjadi and eight tenths, corresponding to a value of five hundred kasu.

5. One ring for the foot of the goddess, (containing) seventy-one karanju and a half and two manjadi of gold. Four hundred and fifty-nine diamonds, set (into it), viz., four hundred and fifty diamonds with smooth edges, and nine small square diamonds with smooth edges, including such as had spots, cracks, red dots, black dots, and marks as of burning, — weighed (one) karanju and a half, three manjadi and nine tenths. Thirty-nine large and small rubies, viz., ten halahalam of superior quality, eight halahalam, nine smooth rubies, three bluish rubies and nine unpolished rubies, — including such as had cavities, cuts, holes, white speeks, flaws, and such as still adhered to the ore, — weighed three karanju and three quarters, three manjadi and six tenths. Altogether, (the ring) weighed seventy-seventy-seven karanju, four manjadi and (one) kunri, corresponding to a value of a five hundred kasu.

6. One sayalam for the foot of the goddess (sri-pada-sayalam), (containing) thirty-seven karanju and three quarters, three manjadi and four tenths of gold. Three hundred and sixty diamonds, set (into it), — including such as had spots, cracks, red dots, black dots, and marks as of burning, — weighed three quarters (of a karanju) and four manjadi. Seventy-two large and
small rubies, viz., fifteen halahalam of superior quality, twenty halahalam, twenty-two smooth rubies, three bluish rubies, and twelve unpolished rubies, — including such as had cavities, cuts, holes, white specks, flaws, and such as still adhered to the ore, — weighed two karanju and a half, two manjadi and six tenths. Forty-two pearls, strung or sewn on, — including round pearls, roundish pearls, polished pearls, small pearls, nimbolam, payittam, (pearls) of brilliant water and of red water, (and pearls) with lines, stains and red dots, — weighed two karanju, eight manjadi and (one) kunri. Altogether, (the saylam) weighed forty-three karanju and three quarters, three manjadi and (one) kunri, corresponding to a value of three hundred and fifty kasu.

7. One sayalam for the foot of the goddess, (containing) thirty-seven karanju, two manjadi and four tenths of gold. Three hundred and sixty diamonds with smooth edges, set (into it), — including such as had spots, cracks, black dots, red dots, and marks as of burning, — weighed three quarters (of a karanju) and four manjadi. Seventy-two large and small rubies, viz., fifteen halahalam of superior quality, twenty halahalam fifteen smooth rubies, ten blusih rubies and twelve unpolished rubies, — including such as had cavities, cuts, holes, hite specks, flaws, land such as still adhered to the ore, — weighed two karanju and a half, four manjadi and one tenth. Forty-two pearls, strung or sewn on, — including round pearls, roundish pearls, polished pearls, small pearls, nimbolam, payittam, (pearls) of brilliant water and of red water, (and pearls) with lines, stains and red dots, — weighed two karanju and a quarter and (one) kunri. Altogether, (the sayalam) weighed forty-three karanju and (one) manjadi, corresponding to a value of three hundred and fifty kasu.

8. The same (princess) gave to (the goddess) Umaparamesvari, who is the consort of our lord Tanjai-Vitankar, (the following) sacred ornaments (abharana) of gold, which were weighed by the stone (used in) the city and called (after) Adavallan: -

9. One sacred crown (makuta) , (consisting of) one hundred and ninety-seven karanju and a half of gold.

10. One pendant (tukkam), (consisting of) twenty-seven karanju and three quarters of gold.

11. One pair of ear-rings (vali), consisting of two karanju and a half and three manadi of gold

12. One pair of double uruttu, consisting of three karanju and a half of gold.

13. One pair of sacred ear-rings (trukkambi), consisting of five karanju and a half and (one) kunri of gold.

14. One string of beads for the marriage-badge (tali-mani-vadam), (consisting of) two karanju and three quarters and (one) kunri of gold, — including the marriage-badge (itself).

15. One sayalam of diamonds (vayira-sayalam), (containing) twenty-seven karanju and a half of gold.

16. One necklace (kantha-tudar) of three (chains) soldered into one, (consisting of) twenty-one karanju of gold.

17. One outer chain (? Purattudar), (consisting of) ten karanju and three quarters and four manjadi of gold.

18. One pair of pottu for the arms of the goddess, consisting of fifty-nine karanju, seven manjadi and (one) kunri of gold, — including four strings (nan) on which (it) was strung.

19. One pair of bracelets (kataka) for the arms of the goddess, consisting of thirty-nine karanju and seven manadi of gold.

20. One pair of rings for the arms of the goddess (tirukkaikkarai), consisting of sixty-four karanju and three quarters of gold.

21. One pair of rings for the feet of the goddess (tiruvadikkarai), consisting of seventy-four karanju and three quarters and (one) kunri of gold.

22. One pair of sayalam for the feet of the goddess (sri-pada-sayalam), consisting of sixty-seven karanju and nine manjadi of gold.

23. Ten rings for the toes of the goddess (tiruvadikkal-modiram), consisting of eleven karanju and a quarter of gold.

24. To (the goddess) Umaparamesvari, who is the consort of our lord Tanjai-Vitankar, the same (princess) gave (the following) sacred ornaments of jewels, which were weighed by the jewel weight called (after) Dakshina-Meru-Vitankan with the threads, the frames, the lac and the pinju, and engraved on stone: -

25. One sacred crown (makutu), (containing) two hundred and seven karanju, eight manjadi and two tenths of gold. Five hundred and twenty-five diamond crystals, set (into it), weighed two karanju and three manjadi five tenths and one twentieth. Two hundred and twenty-seven crystals (palingu) weighed five karanju, four manjadi and one twentieth. Sixteen pearls, set (into it), (viz.,) round pearls, roundish pearls, polished pearls, small pearls, nimbolam, poayittam, (pearls) of brilliant water and of red water, (and pearls) with white specks and lines, weighed (one) karanju and a half, four manjadi, nine tenths and one twentieth. Three hundred and eighty-five strung pearls, — including round pearls, roundish pearls, polished pearls, small pearls, nimbolam, such as had been polished while still adhering to the shell, (pearls) of brilliant water and of red water, (and pearls) with lines, stains, white specks and wrinkles, — weighed thirteen karanju and seven manjadi; (these pearls) were strung on two strings (vadam) on both sides of the front-plate (viru-patta),[1] one vay-vadam over it, four bundles (savi) of single strings, two single pendants (tukkam), and three strings on the ornamental curves (kodam)[2] (and) on the karandigai. Altogether, (the crown) weighed two hundred and twenty-nine karanju and three quarters, two manjadi, seven tenths and one twentieth, corresponding to a value of seven hundred kasu.

26. One garland (malai), (containing) forty-six karanju, eight manjadi and three fortieths of gold. Two hundred and eighty-eight diamond crystals, set (into it), weighed half a karanju, three manjadi and seven tenths. Crystals, — The continuation of this (inscription) is engraved on the panel (kandappadai)[3] underneath the projecting stone (? uttiram)[4]on the southern side (? saduram) of the portico (chatushkika).


[1] Literally, ‘the diadem of heroes.’ The technical meanings of vay-vadam and karandigai as parts of a crown are not found in the dictionaries.

[2] See Winslow, s. r. kodagam

[3] Compare kandapadai in No. 3, second section, II. 10 f.

[4] According to Winslow, uthiram means ‘a beam, a cross beam in a building.’

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