The Indian Analyst
 

South Indian Inscriptions

 

 

Contents

Preface

Introduction

Table of Contents

Text of the Inscriptions 

Part - I

Part - II

Part - III

Part - IV

Part - V

Other Inscription 

Chola Inscription

Telugu Inscriptions from Andra Pradesh

Pallava Inscriptions

Pandya Inscriptions

Telugu Inscriptions of the Vijayanagara Dynasty

Inscriptions Collected During 1903-1904

Other South-Indian Inscriptions 

Volume 1

Volume 2

Volume 3

Vol. 4 - 8

Volume 9

Volume 10

Volume 11

Volume 12

Volume 13

Volume 14

Volume 15

Volume 16

Volume 17

Volume 18

Volume 19

Volume 20

Volume 22
Part 1

Volume 22
Part 2

Volume 23

Volume 24

Volume 26

Volume 27

Tiruvarur

Darasuram

Konerirajapuram

Tanjavur

Annual Reports 1935-1944

Annual Reports 1945- 1947

Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum Volume 2, Part 2

Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum Volume 7, Part 3

Kalachuri-Chedi Era Part 1

Kalachuri-Chedi Era Part 2

Epigraphica Indica

Epigraphia Indica Volume 3

Epigraphia
Indica Volume 4

Epigraphia Indica Volume 6

Epigraphia Indica Volume 7

Epigraphia Indica Volume 8

Epigraphia Indica Volume 27

Epigraphia Indica Volume 29

Epigraphia Indica Volume 30

Epigraphia Indica Volume 31

Epigraphia Indica Volume 32

Paramaras Volume 7, Part 2

Śilāhāras Volume 6, Part 2

Vākāṭakas Volume 5

Early Gupta Inscriptions

Archaeological Links

Archaeological-Survey of India

Pudukkottai

South Indian Inscriptions, Volume 2

Tamil Inscriptions

part - i

INSCRIPTIONS  OF THE TANJAVUR TEMPLE

INSCRIPTIONS ON THE WALLS OF THE CENTRAL  SHRINE

No. 2 On the West Wall  

This inscription is engraved in five sections, each of which occupies a separate face of the west wall. It consists of two distinct parts.

The first part extends to about two thirds of line 7 of the first section and describes eleven old vessels, which were presented on the 310th day of the 25th year of the reign of Ko-Rajakesarivarman, alias Rajarajadeva, ‘to (the goddess) Umaparamesvari, who is the consort of our lord Adavallar,’ by the king’s elder sister,[1] who was the queen of Vallavaraiyar[2] Vandyadevar.

The second part enumerates other gifts of gold vessels and ornaments, which were made by the same royal lady between the 25th and 29th year of the king’s reign. The item detailed in paragraphs 14 to 42 were given ‘to (the goddess) Umaparamesvari, who is the consort of our lord Adavallar Dakshina-Meru-Vitankar.’ Paragraphs 44 to 59 describe gifts ‘to (the goddess) Umaparamesvari, who is the consort of our lord Tanjai-Vitankar.

Translation

1. Hail! Prospperity! On the three-hundred-and-tenth day or the twenty-fifty year (or the reign) of Ko-Rajakesarivarman, alias Sri-Rajarajadeva, who, — while (his) heart rejoiced, that, like the goddess of fortune, the goddess of the great earth had become his wife, — in his life of growing strength, during which, having been pleased to cut the vessel (in) the hall (at) Kandalur, he conquered by his army, which was victorious in great battles, Vengai-nadu, Ganga-padi, Tadigai-padi, Nulamba-padi, Kudamalai-nadu, Kollam, Kalingam, Ira-mandalam, (the conquest of which) made (him) famous (in) the eight directions, and the seven and a half lakshas of Iratta-padi, — peprived the Seriyas of their splendour, while (he) was resplendent (to such a degree) that (he) was worthy to be worshipped everywhere; — the venerable elder sister of Sri –Rajarajadeva, (who was) the great queen (mahadevi) of Vallavaraiyar Vandyadevar, gave to (the goddess) Umaparamesvari, who is the consort of our lord Adavallar, one gold plate (laligai), weighing three hundred and ninety-eight karanju and a half by the stone called (after) Adavallan.

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Translation

1. Hail! Prospperity! On the three-hundred-and-tenth day or the twenty-fifty year (or the reign) of Ko-Rajakesarivarman, alias Sri-Rajarajadeva, who, — while (his) heart rejoiced, that, like the goddess of fortune, the goddess of the great earth had become his wife, — in his life of growing strength, during which, having been pleased to cut the vessel (in) the hall (at) Kandalur, he conquered by his army, which was victorious in great battles, Vengai-nadu, Ganga-padi, Tadigai-padi, Nulamba-padi, Kudamalai-nadu, Kollam, Kalingam, Ira-mandalam, (the conquest of which) made (him) famous (in) the eight directions, and the seven and a half lakshas of Iratta-padi, — peprived the Seriyas of their splendour, while (he) was resplendent (to such a degree) that (he) was worthy to be worshipped everywhere; — the venerable elder sister of Sri –Rajarajadeva, (who was) the great queen (mahadevi) of Vallavaraiyar Vandyadevar, gave to (the goddess) Umaparamesvari, who is the consort of our lord Adavallar, one gold plate (laligai), weighing three hundred and ninety-eight karanju and a half by the stone called (after) Adavallan.

2. On the same day (she) gave one gold plate, weighing four hundred and ninety-six karanju by the same stone.

3. On the same day (she) gave one gold bowl (mandai), weighing one hundred and ninety-nine karanju by the same stone.

4. On the same day (she) gave one gold bowl, weighing three hundred and ninety-nine karanju and three quarters by the same stone.

5. On the same day (she) gave one gold water-pot, weighing one hundred and ninety-nine karanju and a half by the same stone.

6. On the same day (she) gave one gold water-pot, weighing one hundred and ninety-nine karanju and three quarters by the same stone.

7. On the same day (she) gave one gold water-pot, weighing one hundred and ninety-six karanju, seven manjadi and (one) kunri by the same stone.

8. On the same day (she) gave one gold water-pot, weighing one hundred and ninety-eight karanju by the same stone.

9. On the same day (she) gave one gold cup (vattil), weighing ninety-seven karanju and a half by the same stone.

10. One the same day (she) gave one golden receptacle for sacred ashes with lotus-ornaments (pushkarapatti-madal), together with a stand (adi), — weighing eighty karanju by the same stone.

11. On the same day (she) gave one golden chunnam box (karandigaichchoppu)[3] including . . . . . . a bolt (odani) and a pin (nilaiyani), —
weighing one hundred and ninety-nine karanju by the same stone.

Second Part

12. From the twenty-fifty year to the twenty-ninth year (of the king’s reign), the venerable elder sister of Sri-Rajarajadeva, (who was) the great queen of Vallavaraiyar Vandyadevar, gave to (the goddess) Umaparamesvari who is the consort of our lord Adavallar Dakshina-Meru-Vitankar, and to (the goddess) Umaparamesvari, who is the consort of our lord Tanjai-Vitankar, the following sacred ornaments (abharana), emblems (chihna), etc., of gold, which were weighed by the stone called (after) Adavallan and engraved on stone –excluding those (gifts of) the twenty-fifty year, which had been engraved on the adjacent stones before this (part of the inscription) on the norlth of this upper tier (jagatippadai): -[4]

13. To (the goddess) Umapaamesvari, who is the consort of our lord Advallar Dakshina-Meru-Vitankar, (she) gave: -

14. One ottu-vattil, (consisting of) one hundred and ninety-eight karanju and a half, two manjadi and (one) kunri of gold.

15. One ottu-vattil, (consisting of) one hundred and ninety-seven karanju and a half of gold.

16. One tavukkai,[5] (consisting of) one hundred and forty-seven karanju and six manjadi of gold.

17. One tavukkai, (consisting of) one hundred and forty-six karanju and three quarters (one) manjadi and (one) kunri of gold.

18. One censer (kalasappanai), (consisting of) two hundred and ninety-five karanju and a quarter of gold.

19. One swan (annam), (consisting of) ninety-eight karanju and a quarter of gold.

20. One parrot (kili), the gold of which weighed thirty-four karanju, nine manjadi and (one) kunri, — including two precious stones set into the eyes.

21. One handle for a white chamara (ven-samarai), (consisting of) nineteen karanju and three quarters of gold.

22. One handle for a white chamara, (consisting of) nineteen karanju and a half and two manjadi of gold.

23. One handle for a flywhisk (chchoppi), (consisting of) twenty karanju of gold.

24.One handle for a flywhisk, (consisting of) nineteen karanju and a half of gold.

25.One sacred crown (makuta), (consisting of) two hundred and seventy-five karanju and a half of gold.

26. One hundred and sixty-five sacred gold flowers (tirupporpu), consisting of eight hundred and twenty-five karanju of gold, — each sacred gold flower (consisting of) five karanju of gold.

27.Thirty-five sacred gold flowers, consisting of one hundred and seventy-four karanju, two manjadi and (one) kunri of old, — each sacred gold flower (consisting of) four karanju and three quarters, four manadi and (one) kunri of gold.

28. One pendant (tukkam), (consisting of) twenty-nine karanju and a half of gold.

29. One pair of sacred car-rings (tiru-vali), consisting of six karanju, eight majadi and (one) kunri of gold.

30. One pair of double sacred urutlu,[6] consisting of ten karanju and (one) manjadi of gold.

31. One pair of sacred ear-rings (tirukkambi) consisting of fourteen karanju and three quarters, (one) manjadi and (one) kunri of gold.

32. One string (vadam) of beads for the marriage-badge (tali-mani), set with diamonds (vayiram), consisting of eleven karanju and (one) manjadi of gold, — including one hundred and fifty-seven beads for the marriage-badge, . . . . . . four padugan, four kallippu, one kokkuvay and two square diamonds (savakkam).[7]

33. One neckace (kantha-tudar) of three (chains) soldered into one, (consisting of) sixty-two karanju of gold.

34. One outer chain (? Puralludar), including (one) padugan, (one) kallippu and (one) kokkuvay, — (consisting of) twenty-four karanju and a half, two manjadi and (one) kunri of gold.

35. One Sayalam of diamonds (vayiram), (containing) one hundred and twenty-two karanju and three quarters of gold.

36. One pair of pottu[8] for the arms of the goddess, (consisting of) ninety karanju and a half of gold.

37. One pair of bracelets (kataka) for the arms of the goddess, (consisting of) fifty-six karanju, two manjadi and (one) kunri of gold.

38. One pair of rings for the arms of the goddess (tirukkaikkarai),[9] with claws[10] (engraved) on the outside (? Ugirppuravan), (consisting of) one hundred and fifty karanju and a half of gold.

39.One wrought girdle (toril-pattigai), (consisting of) three hundred and forty-four karanju of gold.

40.One pair of rings for the feet of the goddess (tiruvadikkarai), with claws (engraved) on the outside, (consisting of) of one hundred and fifty karanju and a quarter of gold..

41.One pair of ksayalam for the feet (pada-sayalam),[11] (consisting of) one hundred and nine karanju and a half of gold.

42. Ten rings for the toes of the goddess (tirukkal-modiram), consisting of fourteen karanju and three quarters, two manjadi and (one) kunri of gold.

43. To (the goddess) Umaparamesvari, who is the consort of our lord Tanjai-Vitankar, (she) gave: -

44. One plate (taligai), (consisting of) four hundred and forty-eight karanju and four manjadi of gold.

45. One bowl (mandai), (consisting of) two hundred and ninety-six karanju and a half of gold.

46. One ottu-vattil, (consisting of) one hundred and ninety-seven karanju and a half of gold.

47. One tavukkai, (consisting of) one hundred and forty-eight karanju and nine manjadi of gold.

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48. One censer (kalasappanai), (consisting of) two hundred and ninety-five karanju, seven manjadi and (one) kunri of gold.

49. One pot (kalasa), (consisting of) one hundred and ninety-six karanju and a half of gold.

50. One pot, (consisting of) one hundred and ninety-seven karanju and a quarter of gold.

51. One pot, (consisting of) one hundred and ninety-seven karanju and eight manjadi of gold.

52. One chunnam box (karandigaichcheppu), (consisting of) one hundred and ninety-eight karanju and a quarter of gold.

53. One handle for a white chamara (ven-samarai), (consisting of) nineteen karanju and a half and four manjadi of gold.

54. One handle for a flywhisk (chchoppi), (consisting of) nineteen karanju and a half and (one) manjadi of gold.

55. Forty-eight sacred gold flowers (tirupporpu), consisting of two hundred and forty karanju of gold, — each sacred gold flower (consisting of) five karanju of gold.

56. Seventy-two sacred gold flowers, consisting of three hundred and fifty-eight karanju and four manjadi of gold, — each sacred gold flower (consisting of) four karanju and three quarters, four manjadi and (one) kunri of gold.

57. Six sacred gold flowers, consisting of twenty-nine karanju and a half and four manjadi of gold, — each sacred gold flower (consisting of) four karanju and three quarters and four manjadi of gold.

58. Three sacred gold flowers, consisting of fourteen karanju and three quarters and (one) kunri of gold – each sacred gold flower (consisting of) four karanju and three quarters, three manjadi and (one) kunri of gold.

59.One sacred gold flower, (consisting of) four karanju and three quarters of gold.


[1] According to No.6, the proper name of this princess was Kundavaiyar.

[2] In the first volume, pp. 97, 100 and 112, this word was translated the ‘the Pallava king’. The reading of the original, however, is clearly vallavanayar, and not pallavanayar.

[3] Soppu is still used as a vulgar form for seppu.

[4] This clause refers to the first part of the present inscription, which precedes the second part of the west wall and is consequently, with respect to it, situated in the north. Compare page 11, note 2.

[5] This word might be connected with the kanarese tavuku, ‘a salver, waiter.’

[6] Compare irattai uzhuthu in No. 8 paragraph 12.

[7] These names of precious stones are not found in the dictionaries. Among them, padugan means ‘the sharp eye’ kallipoo the flower of the milk-bush,’and kokkuvai ‘the mouth of the paddy-bird;’ savakkam is probably the same as savukkam ‘a square’ and occurs among various kinds of diamonds in No. 7, paragraph 8.

[8] According to Winslow, pottu ‘one of the two marriage-badges, worn, especially by Telugus, on the neck.’

[9] According to Winslow, kaarai ‘a golden or silver collar, a neck-ring for a lad.’ Here and in paragraph 40, as in No. 1, paragraphs 101 to 105, it signifies a ring for the arms or feet.

[10] Probably tiger’s claws are meant.

[11] Compare vayira-sayalam in paragraph 35, above

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